Glasgow Psychological Trauma Service – The anchor

The NHSGGC Glasgow Psychological Trauma Service (GPTS): The Anchor is a specialist mental health service which offers multidisciplinary psychological interventions and treatment to clients who present with Complex Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD) following experiences of complex trauma. 

This service includes CBT therapists, mental health practitioners, clinical/counselling psychology, occupational therapists and art psychotherapists. Our team also has clinical associates in applied psychology (CAAP), enhanced psychological practitioners (EPP), assistant psychologists and therapists in training. We also have a team administration staff who are here to help you.

Our address

The Anchor
Unit G1, 2 & 3
Festival Business Centre
150 Brand Street
Glasgow
G51 1DH

Contact Telephone

• Call: 0141 303 8968

Contact Email Address

• GlasgowPsychological.TraumaService@ggc.scot.nhs.uk 

Our service is open Monday to Friday 9am to 5pm and is closed on public holidays. Please note, our email address is also only monitored Monday to Friday 9am to 5pm.

Getting to the Glasgow Psychological Trauma Service

Traumatic events can impact upon people and their mental health in a wide range of ways. Often these needs are best met within primary or secondary care teams. GPTS is one of many services who provide mental health treatment for CPTSD.  Others include Community Mental health Teams (CMHTs), Alcohol and Drugs Recovery Service (ADRS) and Older People’s Mental Health Teams (OPMH).

Please note we do not accept self-referrals.

Our referral criteria has recently changed, and currently our specialist service only accepts referrals and provides a service to people who are presenting with the most severe presentations of CPTSD symptoms and whose functioning is most significantly impacted.

The referral criteria for GPTS service is:

• Adults aged 18 and over, and unaccompanied asylum seeking children aged 16 and over
• Who live in Greater Glasgow and Clyde and are registered with a GP in NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde;
• Who have a history of complex trauma (that is repeated interpersonal trauma, including violence, abuse or neglect);
• That has led to the development of Complex Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD) of a complexity or severity that requires the most specialist psychological service. CPTSD includes PTSD symptoms (re-experiencing, avoidance/numbing and hyper arousal) and also additional features that reflect the impact that trauma can have on a person; specifically their view of self (e.g. shame, guilt, sense of worthlessness), their relationship with others (e.g. difficulty with trust or rights in relationships and sustaining relationships) and mood and emotional regulation difficulties (e.g. difficulties understanding and having ways to regulate emotions). For someone to meet the criteria for GTPS the CPTSD symptoms they experience, will have a significant impact on their functioning across different areas of their lives.
• Or, a person may have other mental health difficulties that are severe and disabling responses to trauma (e.g. complicated dissociative disorders, mutism, enduring personality change after catastrophic events etc.), and are suitable for psychological therapies.
• In addition, the person’s needs are currently appropriate for treatment with psychological therapies

Please note, the GPTS is not an emergency service. We are only open Monday to Friday 9.00am to 5.00pm and we do not have access to medical or social work staff. We do not have a dedicated daily duty service, or offer same day assessments, and cannot refer directly to the Mental Health Assessment Units (MHAUs) so cannot accept urgent referrals. If an individual requires more urgent input, please refer to the person’s local CMHT/Crisis service, or Mental Health Assessment Unit if the person is not open to a mental health service, and requires an emergency mental health assessment.  GPTS also has no access to mental health dietetics and therefore cannot accept referrals with needs relating to eating difficulties. 

We have a member of staff available on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, who can discuss potential referrals or general queries or concerns you may have.

The Glasgow Psychological Trauma Service (GTPS) accepts referrals from GPs, Mental Health Teams, Social Workers, Community Addiction Teams and Third Sector Organisations. Please use the referral form to refer to our service.

At the GTPS we consider the difficulties and needs a person is presenting with currently and the impact of their experiences, rather than the extent of trauma experiences that the person has been subjected to in the past, when we are making decisions about whose needs match our service. Please be aware of this when filling in the referral form; we will prioritise information on current symptoms, clinical needs and the impact that this has on the person’s functioning, rather than an extensive description of the trauma the person has experienced.

Please note our service is currently delivering our clinical services on a ‘digital first’ basis, delivering digitally/remotely as well as face to face, where clinically indicated. Please include the client’s preference in the referral form and whether they have digital access.

If you would like to refer someone to the service, or are considering doing so, we would encourage you to telephone us to discuss this before completing the referral form. On Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays there is a staff member available for consultation. Please note, we do not accept self-referrals. Should you wish to be referred to the service please discuss this with your GP or other services you are involved with.

Following Referral

Following referral, there will be a team discussion to ensure the client’s current needs meet our service criteria and that it appears the right time for the client to engage in assessment and potential intervention. If, from the information available in the referral form, a person’s need does not appear to meet criteria for our service the referral will not be accepted. If we feel another mental health service might be more appropriate, we will liaise with them in the first instance, to provide more seamless access to the appropriate service.

If the referral is accepted by GPTS, the referrer and GP will be notified and the person will be placed on our assessment waiting list. When they reach the top of the assessment waiting list, the client will then be invited for assessment which will take place over one or more sessions. This can take place via video call or telephone appointments.  We can also offer face to face appointments if required.  Please note that unfortunately we currently have long waits for assessments due to the impact of Covid-19 on the service and staffing capacity.

If we decide that the client is suitable for our service, a treatment plan will be agreed with the client and information provided on what the client can expect from our service. We make every effort to see people as quickly as possible but please note that there are unfortunately currently long waiting times before starting treatment.

If following assessment it is indicated that GPTS is not the most appropriate service for someone, the reasons for this will be explained and advice about other options given. It may be that another service will be more suitable, or that it is simply not the best time for the individual to be starting trauma focused psychological therapy. If another service seems more appropriate for the individual’s needs, then we will make a referral to that service if possible or request that the appropriate person does with a summary of our assessment and recommendations.

If someone you have referred requires immediate support with their mental health while on the assessment waitlist we would recommend you contact their GP and/or local CMHT.

We offer consultation slots which all staff working with people affected by complex trauma can book into to discuss complex cases or potential referrals. To book a consultation slot, please call our office number and we will be happy to book you in.

Trauma can be described as “resulting from an event, series of events, or set of circumstances that is experienced by an individual as physically or emotionally harmful or life threatening and that has lasting adverse effects on the individual’s functioning and mental, physical, social, emotional, or spiritual well-being” (SAMHSA, 2014).

A trauma can be an event or experience that is deeply distressing to someone. Often this can affect the way someone thinks, feels and behaves. It can also cause bodily reactions such as insomnia and tension. In many cases, traumatic events can impact on relationships with others.

Examples of traumatic events are below:

• Death
• Road traffic accident
• Fire
• Rape
• Sexual assault
• Physical assault
• Loss
• Witnessing a traumatic event
• Natural disaster

The types of trauma listed above are single, discrete events that can occur suddenly and without warning. If it is a single, one-off, unexpected event, it is called a Type 1 trauma.

Some types of trauma can occur on multiple occasions and over a longer period of time. The person may anticipate what is going to happen but be unable to do anything about it, and so this ongoing anticipation of threat can have an impact on how they perceive themselves, others, and the world. If the trauma happens on multiple occasions, it is called Type 2 trauma, or complex trauma. Many Type 2 traumas can be interpersonal in nature.

Below are some examples of Type 2 trauma:

• Domestic abuse, including coercive control
• Childhood abuse (sexual, physical, emotional, neglect)
• Torture

Complex trauma, another term for Type 2 traumas, can be defined as long-term, interpersonal abuse, occurring on multiple occasions and often beginning early in life (Herman, 1997).

Complex trauma often produces feelings of fear, sadness and despair that can be difficult to manage and control. Often these feelings start suddenly and can become very powerful and often feel overwhelming. Therefore the brain tries to find ways to manage these feelings in the context of ongoing abuse and then when trying to process these experiences. This can result in behaviours or coping strategies that may feel like the only option the individual has at the time, and perhaps even helpful in the short term, but if using these long-term or all the time it becomes less useful and can lead to other difficulties. There are a wide range of behaviour or coping strategies someone may use as a result of experience complex traumatic events, for example using substances problematically, self-harm, dissociation, self-isolation.

Our early experiences of care can often affect how we feel about ourselves and impact on the relationships we form with other people. People who experience abuse in what is meant to be a caring relationship can often feel that it is their fault and think badly about themselves. They may also believe that all relationships will be similar and accept this or believe that it is better to be alone. Some people report that experiencing one traumatic event after another can make them feel powerless and helpless and there is no point trying to get help because there is nothing they can do. Complex trauma can also affect people physically. This is because traumatic events normally trigger biological reactions within our bodies. Symptoms may include insomnia, concentration difficulties, muscular aches and pain, tiredness, palpitations, headaches and stomach problems. In some cases people may be diagnosed with physical difficulties, such as Irritable Bowel Syndrome, fibromyalgia, migraines or pain

In the period following a traumatic event, it is normal to experience some symptoms of PTSD. The brain tries the ways it knows how to respond to and cope with a traumatic and overwhelming event or events, and so many of the symptoms a person can experience are normal reactions to abnormal events. For the majority of people, these resolve over time. However, some people’s symptom may endure and start to cause significant difficulties in their everyday life.

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Some people develop PTSD after a traumatic experience. Some of the symptoms include the person having dreams or unwanted pictures or images of the trauma coming into their mind, or the person may find they cannot remember the traumatic event(s). They may feel like the trauma is happening again and experience the same sensations and distress as they did the first time. They may find that they try to avoid all things that are related to the trauma. This may include not talking about the trauma or avoiding people or places that remind them of the trauma. Other symptoms include jumpiness, feeling irritable and difficulties sleeping. Many people also experience mood difficulties such as anxiety, depression or anger.

Complex Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD)

CPTSD is more likely to develop after repeated experiences of trauma or if trauma happened early in life, because of the psychological impact of these trauma experiences.

A person with CPTSD has the symptoms of PTSD, alongside the following difficulties, which can cause a significant impact on their functioning day to day:

• Finding it hard to understand or manage emotions which can be overwhelming and frightening at times;
• Finding relationships difficult to manage and feeling that other people can be difficult, hurtful or dangerous; and
• Feeling bad about themselves, often feeling ashamed or to blame for what has happened.

Traumatic events may produce feelings of fear, loss, abandonment and isolation. These feelings can affect mood. Because trauma is often associated with danger and vulnerability, some people may experience symptoms of anxiety (e.g. shakiness, trembling, tension, palpitations, and dizziness).

People may also experience dissociation.  Dissociation is a wide ranging experience, and may include feeling numb and disconnected from yourself and/or the world, or being unaware of time passing or lacking memories from events you know have happened.

CPTSD is more likely to develop after repeated experiences of trauma or if trauma happened early in life, because of the psychological impact of these trauma experiences.

CPTSD is now recognised as a mental health problem in the ICD-11 (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (11th Revision). (WHO, 2018).

We offer a range of different assessment and treatment options for CPTSD.  Treatment recommendations will be offered based on expert clinician assessment. Treatment can be offered individually or in groups or using a combination of these. Service user preferences and needs are taken into account when planning treatment.

Before treatment at GPTS commences you will be asked to consider this consent form.

Our service utilises a phase based approach to working with individuals who have are experiencing CPTSD, as recommended by both Cloitre et al (2002) and the NHS Education for Scotland Psychological Therapies ‘Matrix’ guidance, which provide recommendations regarding delivery of psychological therapy in Scotland.  This model recommends that, in the first phase, treatment aims to create a sense of safety, security and emotional stability by improving sleep, emotional regulation, mood and understanding about the impact of trauma through psycho-educational materials. This phase is often called “safety and stabilisation”.  Phase two of treatment, also called “reprocessing” involves talking in detail about the individual’s traumatic experiences. This helps to reduce re-experiencing symptoms such as nightmares and flashbacks and also improves a person’s mood. Phase two may also be referred to as “remembering and mourning”, and can also include a focus on recognising loss and learning from early experiences, as well as understanding and making meaning from those experiences. Phase two may also consider a person’s identity and how the traumatic experiences have impacted this.  Phase three of treatment focuses on the person reclaiming their life, reconnecting with valued activities and their community, and looking forward to a life less dominated by trauma.

Treatment plans are idiosyncratic and collaborative so it may be that people only need some not all of these aspects of work. For some people, the first phase of treatment may be sufficient to meet their needs, or may be all they are ready or able to do.  Other people may not require a phase-based approach and can proceed quickly to processing trauma memories. The treatment plan is tailored to an individual’s needs.

Safety and stabilisation can be delivered individually or in a group.

Treatments offered will vary according to the recommendations of clinical assessment, but they may include:

Trauma Focused-Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (TF-CBT)

TF-CBT uses cognitive-behavioural techniques that have been shown to help individuals overcome trauma-related difficulties. It is designed to reduce negative emotional and behavioural responses following trauma. The therapy addresses upsetting beliefs and attributions related to traumas people have experienced and provides a safe environment in which people can talk about their traumatic experiences and learn skills to cope with life stressors.

Eye Movement Desensitisation Therapy (EMDR)

EMDR is a psychotherapy that helps people process and recover from past experiences that are affecting their mental health. It involves bilateral stimulation using eye movements or tapping etc with talk therapy in a specific and structured format. This supports people to process difficult memories while keeping themselves in the present moment. EMDR helps people process negative images, emotions, beliefs and body sensations associated with traumatic memories that seem to be stuck. EMDR helps people to see things from a different perspective and relieves symptoms. There is still a requirement within EMDR to talk about the trauma the person has experienced. 

Narrative Exposure Therapist (NET)

In NET, with guiding and directive help of the therapist, the person will be asked to talk about the trauma in the context of their whole life story in detail while re-experiencing the emotions, cognitions, bodily, behavioural, and sensory elements associated with traumatic events. As well, the person will talk about positive life experiences. This process allows people to ease the difficult emotional response they experience when remembering the traumatic events and to change the meaning traumatic events have, which in turn leads a reduction in PTSD symptoms.

Schema Therapy

Schema Therapy targets schemas; a term used clinically to describe unhelpful patterns of thinking and behaviour that interfere with having an individual’s needs met and impact on their ability to maintain relationships, and can negatively affect emotional well-being. The aim of Schema Therapy is to help people to recognise behaviour patterns they would like to change, understand the underlying cause of this behaviour, and change their thoughts and behaviours so they are better able to cope with relationship challenges or emotions in healthy, productive ways. It can also help people to process traumatic events, and heal the impact of needs that were unmet in their childhood.

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)

ACT is a type of cognitive behavioural therapy that creatively uses values and mindfulness skills to help reduce psychological suffering and to build a meaningful life. This happens through: learning new psychological skills to reduce the impact of difficult emotions and cognitions so they no longer push people around, hold them back or get in the way of their life goals; clarifying the person’s values (how they want to treat themselves, others and the world around them) and use these to guide their actions and enhance their life; and focus attention on what is important to be able to fully engage in whatever activity they chose to do.

Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT)

CFT aims to help promote mental and emotional healing by encouraging the person to be compassionate towards themselves and other people. CFT was developed to combat high levels of shame and self-criticism that often comes hand-in-hand with mental health difficulties. Compassion, both toward the self and toward others, is an emotional response believed to be an essential aspect of wellbeing. 

Art Psychotherapy

Art Psychotherapy is a psychological intervention which facilitates expression through art within a safe and containing relationship with an Art Psychotherapist.

Art Psychotherapy provides a different way for people to communicate, understand and work with their trauma –related difficulties. Using art materials can offer a way to express thoughts, feelings and to help the person think about past experiences which have been difficult to speak of in words alone. Together the person and the Art Psychotherapist will begin to understand and process emotions stemming from trauma.

People do not need to be good at art to do art psychotherapy. Making artwork can help people to become more aware of their thoughts and feelings. The process of creating art in therapy can allow a person to work through the trauma with the therapist.

Occupational Therapy

Occupational Therapy provides practical support to empower people to recover and overcome barriers preventing them from doing activities that matter to them. Using activity, Occupational Therapy can help achieve peoples’ goals and where possible improve their mental wellbeing and increase confidence. This work can be done individually or in group settings. Occupational Therapists work in partnership with the person to support recovery and improve their quality of life. In partnership with the Forestry Commission, The Anchor’s Occupational Therapist runs the Branching Out group.

• Branching Out aims to provide opportunities to experience relaxation with a reduction in symptoms intensity and levels of distress; opportunities to experience pleasure and enjoyment in nature based activities; opportunities to develop an enhanced sense of self, an increase in self-confidence and self-esteem; opportunities to reconnect with previously valued activities and roles; opportunities to experience increased interpersonal and social competencies as a result of involvement in an activity based group.

Safety and Stabilisation groups

The GPTS currently offers Safety and Stabilisation groups. The most commonly run group is called Safe Place to Cope (SPTC).

Safe Place to Cope (SPTC)

The SPTC group aims to promote skills to enable those seeking asylum and victims of trafficking to manage distress and regulate emotions following cumulative trauma. Although it is provided in a group format, there is no requirement for people to disclose anything about their own experience of trauma.  Attendees are supported to develop resources and problems solving skills in mastering distress linked to trauma they have experienced, as well as support resilience and develop a sense of connectedness with their community.

Survive & Thrive Group

Survive & Thrive is a group-based educational course which provides a ‘Phase one’ treatment for people who have experienced complex trauma and have mental health needs arising from this.   In the group, people learn about the common responses to the experience of complex trauma, and ways to manage common symptoms.  Although it is provided in a group format, there is no requirement for people to disclose anything about their own experience of trauma.  It has been developed by the NHS in Scotland and is widely available across most NHS boards in Scotland.  The GTPS can provide access to this phase 1 psychoeducational group following assessment, through NHSGGC Glasgow Psychological Therapies Groups Service.

The Glasgow Psychological Trauma Service has a range of different health professionals who work together to contribute their different skills and experience.

Clinical/Counselling Psychologists

Psychologists are trained to help people to understand and cope with difficult emotions, thoughts and behaviours. They talk with people about their lives and help them find a way to move forward with their difficulties. Clinical/Counselling Psychologists do not prescribe medication but they focus on helping people look at the reasons behind the way they are feeling. The Clinical/Counselling Psychologists in this team have particular knowledge and experience of working with difficulties relating to complex trauma. Treatment may also be provided by trainee clinical/counselling psychologists under the supervision of a qualified psychologist.

Art Psychotherapists

Offer the opportunity to express and explore difficult feelings through the use of art materials and art making. Art psychotherapy can be particularly helpful to people who find it hard to express their thoughts and feelings in words or for those who find relationships difficult.

Occupational Therapist

Works with service users to help them identify and engage in valued and meaningful activity in order to enhance health and wellbeing.

Mental Health Practitioner / Cognitive Behaviour Therapists / Clinical Associate in Applied Psychology (CAAP)

These staff members have a background in mental health and are trained in psychological therapies to help people understand and deal with their mental health. They will work with individuals to help them see links between their thoughts, feelings and behaviour and explore ways to make helpful changes.

Enhanced Psychological Practitioners (EPP) / Assistant Psychologists

We also have enhanced psychological practitioners (EPP), trainees and assistant psychologists in our team. These staff members have a background in psychology, and generally offer shorter term treatments or deliver groups to help promote a sense of safety and emotional stability.

Other team members

Medical Secretaries/Receptionist

Answer the telephone, take messages if a staff member is out of the office, type letters and support the therapists to do their work. They will be who you will most likely interact with if you contact our service.

It’s usually helpful to reach out to people you trust, tell them how you are feeling/ask for advice. If this does not feel right for you right now we recommend that you make an appointment with your GP to discuss what’s going on for you. There are also a number of other services you can contact by telephone or email/online that can be helpful and are listed below.  

Some people find Breathing Space helpful. This is a confidential telephone line where you can talk to someone about the things you are finding difficult. The telephone number for Breathing Space is 0800 83 85 87. They are open all weekend and during weekdays from 6.00pm to 2.00am.

The BSL interpretation service is available during the Breathing Space phoneline opening hours of:

Monday to Friday: 6.00pm to midnight

Saturday and Sunday: 8.00am to midnight

If English isn’t your first or preferred language you can still phone Breathing Space.

Breathing Space uses the interpretation service, Language Line, to support callers who cannot, or prefer not to, speak English.

Language Line is private, confidential and free to use.

To use Language Line

Phone Breathing Space on 0800 83 85 87

Tell the advisor that you need an interpreter

Tell the advisor the name of your preferred language

Once you’re connected to an interpreter you’ll have a three way conversation with Breathing Space.

Language Line is available during the Breathing Space phone line opening hours of:

Monday to Friday: 6.00pm to midnight

Saturday and Sunday: 8.00am to midnight

Other people prefer to use The Samaritans, though interpreters are not available. Please note, this is not an NHS service. You can call them at anytime on 116 123. You can also email The Samaritans though they may take up to 24 hours to reply to emails. Their email address is:  jo@samaritans.org

The government website Clear Your Head has helpful tips for looking after yourself when you feel stressed.

If you need support with your mental health while you are on our assessment or treatment waiting list you can seek support from the service that referred you or your local CMHT via your GP.  If you are on our treatment waitlist or in treatment and struggling, you can call or email and ask to speak to our duty worker who will be happy to support you. Please note the duty service is only available Monday, Wednesday and Friday between 9am and 5pm.  

If you need to speak to someone more urgently you can call 111. You can also access an interpreter on 111.

Strategies

Below is a summary of some strategies you can use to help manage your symptoms of CPTSD, particularly when you notice that your mind is going back to difficult memories or if you are becoming worried about the future. These are called ‘grounding strategies’ and they allow you to feel calmer by helping your mind to connect to the present moment, by focusing on something around you, using one or all of your senses. Using your senses is a good way to remind your mind, how now is different from the past, and can create some distance between you and overwhelming feelings. It can also help you focus on what you can do in this moment to make yourself feel better and so provide a sense of control.

• Things to Smell – aromatherapy oils / perfumes / smelling salts / Vicks

Try to keep oil on tissue under pillow or in a pocket and use it when you have the sensation of memory coming or after waking from a nightmare. It is important that the smell is not associated with any traumatic or upsetting memories.

(Smelling salts are particularly good when a person has such a severe flashback that they do not respond to others calling them. They do not smell pleasant, but are preferable to leaving a person in a flashback).

• Things to See – look around and really pay attention to the details – describe what you see (how many different colours can you see? Which patterns can you see? Describe a photograph or picture to yourself out loud)
• Things to Hear – listen to noises around you (how many different noises can you hear?) or listen to the radio or TV. Play some comforting music.
• Things to Touch – soft toys, pebbles, pinecones, stress balls, a soft blanket, cuddle your pet, splash water over your hands or face. . Notice the texture, temperature, shape and patterns. It can be helpful to carry a small object with you, like a pebble, to use when you need.
• Things to Taste – drink of water, some strong tasting food – only after some grounding has already taken place
• Things to Distract You. Afterwards engage in some enjoyable or comforting activities to help to keep you in the present moment and to change your focus and mood – e.g. talking with somebody supportive, talking about the present and things you are interested in and enjoy (e.g. football, friends, and activities in your daily life now)

Looking after our physical health 

Our physical and mental health are closely related to each other. The basic building blocks of health: sleep, a balanced diet, and gentle exercise are very important when recovering from traumatic events. Healthy routines can be particularly difficult to manage when experiencing post-traumatic stress, for instance nightmares may disrupt sleep, and poor sleep may make eating well and exercising feel more difficult. If we are sleeping badly, eating poorly, and staying inactive, it can mean we have much less energy and focus for doing the things that might help our recovery from trauma. Attending appointments, practising new coping skills, studying or work, or navigating complex legal proceedings all benefit from getting these building blocks of health as strong as they can be. We can take small steps to improve our mental well-being. 

Here are some links to resources that may help you get ideas of where to start: 

If you would like to explore more helpful strategies and practices like these, and understand why they are helpful then please see the section “Resources for coping with the impact of trauma”.

Below are links to two videos about coping with impact of trauma. They have been designed by the Glasgow Psychological Trauma Service. They are not a substitute for individual psychological intervention but may help you to have a better understanding of your difficulties and to learn some useful skills for coping with how you feel. Together, the two videos contain information about Complex PTSD and a range of strategies that can help people to cope with symptoms of Complex PTSD. The first video focuses more on information about Complex PTSD. The second video focuses on helpful coping strategies. Occasionally, people can find parts of the videos upsetting as they remember distressing events from the past. Most people have told us that they find the videos helpful.

We encourage you to consider watching these videos at a time when you are unlikely to be interrupted and to take as many breaks as you feel necessary. You can watch the videos as many times as you would like to. We encourage you to practise the strategies in the videos often.

Please note, these videos are not designed to be used as a training resource and should not be shared with this purpose.

Coping with the Impact of Trauma Part 1

Coping with the Impact of Trauma Part 2